Analysis of Transformation Hafalan Shalat Delisa’s Novel into Film
A. Introduction
Novel is one of fiction literary
work. Novel is one of imaginative work that discuss about the real life of
human life in order the reader can learn new experiences in their real life. Novel is an invented prose narrative of considerable
length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience,
usually through connected sequences of events involving a group of persons in a
specific setting. Within its broad
framework, the genre of the novel has
encompassed an extensive range of types and styles: picaresque, epistolary,
Gothic, romantic, realist, historical—to name only some of the more important
ones (Encyclopadia Britannica, 2014). Novel is now applied to a great variety of writing that have in common
only the attribute of being extended works of fiction written in prose. As an
extended narrative, the novel is distinguished from the short story and from
the work of middle length called the novelette; its magnitude permits a greater
variety of characters, greater complication of plot (or plots) ampler
development of milieu, and more sustained exploration of character and motives
than do the shorter, more concentrate mode (A glossary of
literary term: Abrams m.h). The term for the novel in most European language is
roman, which is derived from the medieval term, the romance. The English name
for the term, and the other hand, is derived from the Italian novella
(literally, a little new thing) which was a short tale in prose (A glossary of
literary term: Abrams m.h).
Film
is medium of audio visual and the result of collective work like Director, Scriptwriter, Artistic
director, cameraman, and actor.
The quality of film is depending on the solidarity or togetherness of team
(Eneste 1991:60).
In the process of transforming from novel into
film are the resulted in changes. According to Eneste (1991:60)
.
Ecranization is a process of transformation or changes from novel into film. In
the process of transformation novel into film makes some
changes such as, addition, omissions, and changes.
Eneste (1991:61-66), explains that changes are
about this:
Omissions,
is
removing part of the novel in the transformation process. Eneste (1991:61) make
statement that omissions can be done to the element of literary work such as
setting, plot, character, and so on.
There some reason like limited time and also
some scene are not important to showing or that scene will disturb the story
and theme. According to Eneste (1991:61-62) explain that omissions element in
the literary work can be done for several reasons:
(1)
Considered
that the scene or character in the literary work it doesn’t important.
(2)
Considered
that the element of literary work can disturb the story.
(3)
Limited time and medium
Addition is changes elements
of the story in the process of film adaptation. Addition can be done to the
element of film such as, setting, story, character, plot and so on. According
to Eneste ( 1991:64) make statement that a Director have reason to make
addition in film. A Director make addition consider as important thing to make film more commercial and become box
office.
Changes,
is
changing that happen of transformation process from novel into film such as
idea of story and the theme because of some reason like culture background of
the audience, and the limited time.
B.
Research Methodology:
This
paper analyses about the ecranization of novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa into film
with the same title uses qualitative research method. According to moleng
(2010:11) explain that the collective of data in descriptive method is words
and image isn’t number as the result of qualitative research method. The source
of data that is used in this paper is from two sources. They are novel Hafalan
Shalat Delisa that has been produced by Darwis Tere Liye and published by
Republika 2004 and film Hafalan Shalat Delisa that has been produced by
StarVision plus 2011. The data that are used to do research are from words of
the novel and images (audio visual) of the film. This paper will analyze the changes
of utterance, dialogue, and narration in both of novel and film as the result
of Ecranization.
C. Discussions
Hafalan
Shalat Delisa’s novel was published on 2005, created by Darwis Tere liye. This
novel based on true story tsunami disaster in Aceh. This novel become best
seller and adapt into film. In the Hafalan Shalat Delisa’s novel told about the
struggle of a little girl who still 6 year old named Delisa to memorizing
prayer. She was a cheerful and beautiful girl. Delisa had test from her teacher
Mrs. Nur to memorizing prayer. When the test was coming in December 26, 2004
she was really enthusiasm because after the test she will get gold necklace
from her mother but in the middle of the test big disaster was coming. All
of people being worried, they try to save their life but Delisa did not care
and still keep praying. She wanted her first praying be devoted like Prophet
Muhammad’s best friends. However, before finished prayer she has brought by
tsunami. After a week Delisa was found by the volunteer, she survived but she
lost her mother and sister and one of her leg was amputate. Finally she met
with her father and recovers her life with other people who were survived.
In transformation of this
novel into film many things are changes from the novel. Ecranization that
appears in film is about Plots, Dialogues, and characters.
Changes
|
Evidence
|
Analysis
|
Addition
|
Plot: In the beginning,
Tengku Umam playing football in the beach when Tiur come with her bicycle
after that Tengku Umam bullies her
Dialogue: In the middle,
Delisa meet Ustad Rahman and said “Ustad rahman kata abi kaki Delisa busuk
terus di potong padahal tadinya kaki delisa kira terbawa air” with a smile.
Plot: in the end Delisa
with Abi walk in the beach and Delisa sing a song for Umi. That song is
usually sung by her mother and sister.
|
This scene is
necessary to add in the beginning of film to show the cheerfulness,
and happiness of children in Lhok-nga before the incident of tsunami. Tengku
Umam is ignorant child who like to interrupt or bullies his friends but after
the disaster of tsunami he become silent.
In that dialogue it
support that Delisa is strong children that she can face the fact. So that
this dialogue it addition.
This scene is important to make sense sad and give sense of sincerity. So the audience will get the meaning and an unforgettable impression to the audience. |
Omission
|
Plot:
·
In
the film there are some omissions. The novel is told about
A son tell about news on the television to her mom. Mother’s face suddenly
changed. The news is about earthquake. Mother and daughter were the wife and
son of
Sociologist Dr Michael J fox. The earthquake
that occurred in Aceh where her Husband doing research.
·
In the novel told
about Prajurit Smyht who entered to the Musholla, take whudu’ and read
Sahadat guided by Sersan Ahmad. And finally he becomes Muslim.
Character:
·
The character of Mr.
Ubay. He is a volunteer of PMI who
exchange Ustad Rahman to teach Delisa and friends reading Al-Quran in
Meunasah
·
The character of Mrs. Ani
She
is only a teacher that saved and teaches the entire student who saved from
the tsunami. She teach lower and upper student in one class.
·
The character of Sersan Ahmad
He
is a leader of volunteer from America. He is very firm and also kind.
|
This scene omission
in the film because that scene will spend a lot of time. Although this scene
doesn’t showing that isn’t change the theme, the meaning and the message of
that film
In that scene was omitted
in the film. Because isn’t really necessary to show in the film.
In the film the
character of Ustad Rahman bit strange because in the day when tsunami come to
Lhok-nga Ustad Rahman in one place with Delisa and Mrs.Nur. But suddenly in
the middle of story Ustad Rahman Come without injuries at all as he wasn’t
there when Tsunami come. So no change character of Mr. Ubay in the film.
In the film there is
limited time so that the director must be chooses which character it is
important to put in the film. The character of Mrs.Ani was omitted it’s
because limited time and it character doesn’t give changes to the meaning or
theme of the film when this character omitted.
The Chracter of Sersan Ahmad was omitted in
the film. Because in the novel the role of Sersan Ahmad as leader of the
soldier and who be guided of Prajurit Smyth to become Muslim. But no leader
appears in the film. And Prajurit Smyth he doesn’t become Muslim. So that the
character of Sersan Ahmad was omitted.
|
Changes
|
Plot:
·
In
the novel, the day when Delisa have test, Delisa waiting for her test with
nervous face and repeating her memorizing quietly. And the examiner is Mrs.
Nur. When Delisa have test suddenly in the middle of the test big disaster
was coming. All of people being worried, they try to save
their life but Delisa did not care and still keep praying. Mrs. Nur safe
Delisa.
·
In
the film, the day when Delisa have test. Delisa waiting calmly. The Examiner is
Ustad Rahman and Mrs.Nur. When Delisa have test suddenly in the middle of the
test big disaster was coming. All of people being
worried, they try to save their life but Delisa did not care and still keep
praying.
·
In
the end of the novel, “Dan seribu malaikat yang mengkungkung bukit mengucap
namaMU.. Seribu malaikat yang mengungkung bukit melesat ke atas
langit…Kembali! Semua urusan sudah
usai.
·
In
the end of film when Delisa walk in the beach with Abi. Delisa talk about
sincerity to Abi, Delisa sincere to all of happen in her life after that she
was sing a song for her mother.
Character:
·
The
change character of Delisa.
·
The
change character of Ustad Rahman
·
The
change character of Mrs. Shofi
·
The
change character of Prajurit Smyth
Narration:
“Salam menawarkan diri bergabung dengan tim
Delisa biar lengkap. Ribut sejenak. Tim lawan Delisa protes-sama sekali nggak
adil; jelas-jelas prajurit Salam lebih besar di bandingkan mereka. Tetapi
lima menit kemudian pertandingan tetap dilangsungkan. Sepuluh lawan sepuluh.
Marinir itu bergabung semua. Dan ramai
sekali lapangan kecil tersebut.”
|
Between novel and
film has change. In the novel the examiner only Mrs. Nur but in Film the
Examiner are Ustad Rahman. In the novel Mrs. Nur safe Delisa but in Film no
one can safe Delisa.
The ending of the novel are Delisa fall in
to river and finally she was died in the river. But in film Delisa didn’t
died it because Delisa as the main character. So that the director certainly
will take consideration the audience will like it or not, so it will not make
the main character died to make the film more commercials.
The changes character of
Delisa in the novel shows that Delisa has blue eyes and blonde hair but in
the film Delisa just like a child girl usually.
The changes
character of Ustad Rahman in the novel show after the disaster of tsunami he
was lost his leg like delisa. But in the film Ustad Rahman he didn’t lost her
leg.
The changes
character of Mrs. Shofy in the novel show that she uses feil but in the film
she didn’t use fiel
The changes character of Mr.
Smith in the novel show that he become mu’allaf and change his name become
Mr. Salam
In the narration
there are some narration has changes that when Delisa playing football in the
novel Mr. Smith (Mr.Salam) join the Delisa’s team playing football but in the
film Mr. Smith just see the play.
|
.
D.
Conclusion
In
conclusion, Transformation Hafalan Shalat
Delisa’s novel into film base on of Ecranization there are some changes cause of Omission,
Addition and changes that occurred between novel and film. The Addition occurs
to the plot and dialogues, where in the film appear some addition because of director’s
interpret to make film be commercial. And the omission occurs to the plot, and
character, where in the film there are some omission because of in the film has
limited time and place. The last, Changes in the film that occur to the plot,
character and narration that because of directors interpret to make film
different from the novel.
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